fessard



UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

EUGENE FESSAZRI), OF POlSSY. FRANCE.

GAS OR OIL ENGINE.-

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N 0. 574,723, dated January5,-1897.

Application filed February 26,1896. Serial'No. 580,799. No modelf:Patented in France April 13, 1895, No. 246,621,- in Belgium October 14,1895. No. 117,872; in England November 13, 1895, No- 21,574. and inAustria December 20, 1895, No.

To n-U IL'IHII)! i! may won/writ:

lie it: known that EUGENE Fl-IssAm), en-

gineer, a citizen of the Republic of France,

residing in l oissy, (Seine and ()ise,) France,

have invented certain Improvements in Gas or 011 Engines, (for which Ihave obtained,

a French patent, dated April 13, 1895, No. 216,621; in Belgium, datedOctober 11, 1595,

No. 117,872; in Great Britain, datedNovem ber 13, 1895, No. 21,57 4, andin Austria, dated December 20, 1895, No. iii/4,984,) of which thefollowing is'a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in gas and oil enginesconstructed either with one or two eylinders.' I

(in the accompanying drawings, lrignre. 1. is a vertical section of agas-engine constructed according to my invention, Fig. 3 being a front;view of the same, shown partly'in section; Fig. 3, a sectional plan online]. i of Fig. 1; Fig. 4, a plan of the clicks working upon theexhaust-valve in connection with the regulator. Fig. is a section ofa-spccial valve for use in the ease or a gas-engine,

My improved motor or engine, as shown on the drawings, consists of acasingA, inclosing a crank-shaft, one or two cylinders l3. l3, providedwith water-jackets, air-inlet valves 0 C, Vaporizers l), exhaust-valvesE E, a rod or shaft F for operating the latter, and reg'ulatingmechanism connected with the ex;

haust-yalves.

The casing A forms an oil-bath for the shaft and cranks and has twolarge openings p r0 vidcd, respectively, with covers ca to allow the'pistonsp and crank-rods'q 'tohe disengaged fwithout removing the otherworking The crank-shaft V, to which the rods their inlet I) and exhaustports 11. so arran cd that the explosive mixture cannot combine with theconsumed gases. The inlet-port 1) extends fromthe bottom upward at atangential inclination to the inner face of the cylinders, so as todirect-the explosive mixture in such a manner that the consumed gasesare driven back into the lower part of the cylinders andthat only thegas itself is in contact with the flame.

The air-inlet valves t may be ol ordinary construction and are situatedat .the top of the cylinders. 'lhe exhaust-port u is so arranged withrespect to the inlet-port I; that the consumed gases therein (-nnnot.unite with the explosive mixture.

in the case of oil-engines the vaporizer-s l) maybe ol any known formand arral'lgement.

The exhaust-valves are controlled by a rod or shaft 1 and cumsfj",working upon spindles 0, independent of the spindles (Z of the valveproper, but situated in a line therewith. spring 1.: tends to keep thevalves normally closed, and a second spring a in- .snres the contact ofthe separate spindle 1:

with'its respective cam. The spindles c are guided in a suitable boss orprojection G, sccurcd upon or formed in a piece with the cylinders.

The shaft F for operating the valve is connected with the crank-shaft bymeans of toothed wheels 9 g, so geared that the valveshaft revolves athalf the speed of the crankshaft. An intermediate gearing-wheel 9 may beemployed to avoid the use of large toothed wheels. At its oppositeextremity the shaft F carries a centrifugal governor II with verylimited movement. 'The regulator mechanism is connected with thegovernor II by means of a lever h and rod if, provided with, pivotedcatcheso'r clicks 5 i for engaging the spindles'eof the valves andkeeping the valves E in the raised position. The clicks 1 are piv otedupon the guide-piece or boss G, in which the spindles and also the rod25 move. They are connected together by a spiral spring 1'. A stud It,secured upon the rod f, acts upon one of the clicks 2' in one direct-ion(indicated by the arrow x) and engages it in an. annular groove oflthespindle is when brought opposite to it. '1he other click z" is similarlyengaged in an annular groove of theothcr spindle 1''. by the action ofthe spiral spring r. Another stud 7.1, likewise secured on the rod 1,acts upon the second click in the opposite direction, (indicated by thearrow so,) so as todiscugage'lt from the spindle e', the first-mentionedclick '1' being disengaged by the spiral spring. In this way the twoclicks successively engage the two spindles, and consequently thevalves, while these latter are liberated simultaneously.

\Vhen the speed exceeds a certain limit, the governor-weights II swingoutwardly and push the lower end of the lever it toward the right, Fig.2, so that the upper end of said lever and the rod 25, with the clicks11 i, are drawn toward the left, as indicated by the arrow .r in Fig. 4.Thus when the spindle e is rased by the cam f the click t" will engageth notch insaid spindle, and thus hold the spindle, and consequently thevalve E, in an elevated position. Similarly, as soon as the stem orspindle e is received after the spindle e the click t" will be drawninto-the notch of the spindle e by the spring r, so that this spindlealso, with the corresponding valve E, will remain raised. Theexhaust-valves will therefore remain open as long as the speed has notbeen reduced to its normal limit. With the reduction of the speed,however, the rod t will move to the right, ,as indicated by the arrowsin Fig. i, and the two valve stems or spindles c e will be releasedsimultaneously, or-nearly so, whereafter the exhaustvalves will openalternately in the ordinary manner, that is, intermittently.

The rod t is acted. upon by a spring R, the tension of which canbeadjusted to vary the speed within wide limits-as, for instance, intheproport-ion of one to five.

The engine constructed as above described can be worked by ordinary oilof petroleum. When it it is to be worked by gas, the breech of thecylinders is providedwith 'two chimneys and incandescent tubes,.or anelectric arc, according to the kind of combustion pre'- ferred. In thiscase the air-inlet valves C and the Vaporizers are suppressed, and theselatter are replaced by a tap or valve K of special construction, asshown in Fig. 5.

The improved engine is of easy construction and may be worked either ina vertical, horizontal, or an oblique position, and, owing to itslightness and the accessibility of its working parts, it is readilyadaptable for the purposes of traction, navigation, electricalinstallationsmgricultural work,and otherlike purposes.

I claim-- 1. In an explosive-engine, a plurality of cylinders eachprovided with an exhaustvalve, a stem movable independently of theexhaust-valve stem and adapted to engage tho'same, operating mechanismfor imparting a reciprocating motion to said independent stems atdifferent times so as toropen the exhaust-valves in regular succession,a click or pawl arranged to engage each of the independent stems to holdthe same stationary and out of the path of said operating mech- .tiallyas described.

anism, a connection bet-ween said clicks, a governor-actuated by theengine, and a shifting'de'vice controlled by the governor andoperatively connected to the clicks, substan- 2. In an explosive-engine,a plurality of cylinders each provided with an exhaustvalve, a stemmovable independently of the exhaust-valve stem and adapted to engagethe same, operating mechanism for imparting a reciprocating motion tosaid independent stems atdiffcrent times so as to open theexhaust-valves in regular succession, a click or pawl arranged to engageeach of the independent'stems to hold the same stationary and out of thepath of the said operating mechanism, a movable rod or bar carryingprojections adapted to engage said clicks, and a governor controllingthe position of said bar according to the speed of the engine,substantially as described.

3. In an explosive-engine, a plurality of cylinders each provided withan exhaustvalve, a stem movable -independently of the exhaust-valve stemand adaptcdt-o engage the same, operating mechanism for impartingareciprocating motion to said independent stems at different times so as,to open the exhaust-valves in regular succession, a click or pawlarranged to engage each of the-independent stems to hold the samestationary and out of the pathlof the said operating mechanism, amovable rod or bar carrying projections adapted to engage said clicks atopposite sides, a spring connecting the clicks, and a governorcontrolling the position of said bar according to the speed of theengine, substantially as described.

4. In an explosive-engine, a cylinder having an inle't for the gas,vapor, or other fuel, said inlet being arranged approximatelytangentially to the interior curved surface of the cylinder and obliqueto the plane of the cylinder-head, substantial] y as described.

5. In an explosive-engine, a cylinder having an inlet for the gas,vapor, or other fuel, said inlet being arranged approximatelytangentially to the interior curved surface of the cylinder, and anoutlet likewise arranged tangentiallyto said surface, but out of linewith the inlet, substantially as described.

6. In an explosive-engine, a cylinder provided witlra spring-controlledvalve, a rod driven from the engine and adapted to periodically actuatesaid valve, a click or pawl arranged to hold the valve open,independently of the action of said rod, and a governor controlling theposition of the click or pawl according to the speed of the engine,substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in thepresence of twosubscribing witnesses.

EUGENE FESSARD.

Witnesses:

LnoN FRANCKEN, CLYDE SHROPSHLRE.

